While in many instances the cause is harmless, blood in urine hematuria can indicate a serious disorder. Blood that you can see is called gross hematuria. Urinary blood that's visible only under a microscope microscopic hematuria is found when your doctor tests your urine. Either way, it's important to determine the reason for the bleeding. Gross hematuria produces pink, red or cola-colored urine due to the presence of red blood cells.
It takes little blood to produce red urine, and the bleeding usually isn't painful. Passing blood clots in your urine, however, can be painful.
Some medications, such as the laxative Ex-lax, and certain foods, including beets, rhubarb and berries, can cause your urine to turn red. A change in urine color caused by drugs, food or exercise might go away within a few days. Bloody urine looks different, but you might not be able to tell the difference.
It's best to see your doctor anytime you see red-colored urine. Your urinary system — which includes your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra — removes waste from your body through urine. Your kidneys, located in the rear portion of your upper abdomen, produce urine by filtering waste and fluid from your blood.
In hematuria, your kidneys — or other parts of your urinary tract — allow blood cells to leak into urine. Various problems can cause this leakage, including:. Urinary tract infections. These occur when bacteria enter your body through the urethra and multiply in your bladder. Symptoms can include a persistent urge to urinate, pain and burning with urination, and extremely strong-smelling urine.
For some people, especially older adults, the only sign of illness might be microscopic blood in the urine. A bladder or kidney stone. The minerals in concentrated urine sometimes form crystals on the walls of your kidneys or bladder.
Blood in your pee could come from anywhere in the urinary tract — the bladder, kidneys or urethra the tube that carries pee out of the body. If you have other symptoms, this might give you an idea of the cause. Do not self-diagnose — see a GP if you think it's blood in your pee. Page last reviewed: 24 June Next review due: 24 June Blood in urine. Your kidneys make urine continuously. A trickle of urine is constantly passing to your bladder down the tubes called ureters which run from the kidneys to the bladder.
You make different amounts of urine, depending on how much you drink, eat and sweat. Your bladder is made of muscle and stores the urine. It expands like a balloon as it fills with urine. The outlet for urine your urethra is normally kept closed. This is helped by the muscles below your bladder that surround and support your urethra the pelvic floor muscles. When a certain volume of urine is in your bladder, you become aware that your bladder is becoming full. When you go to the toilet to pass urine, your bladder muscle squeezes contracts and your urethra and pelvic floor muscles relax to allow the urine to flow out.
Haematuria is the medical term for blood in your urine. This usually occurs when there is a problem with your bladder or kidneys. You may notice other symptoms when you have blood in your urine. You may have blood in the urine with pain or blood in the urine with no pain. You may feel completely well. There are many different reasons for blood in urine. The blood may be coming from your kidneys or from any area along your urinary tract - for example, from your bladder, ureters or urethra.
Understanding what can cause blood in urine may give you an idea as to what is going on. Blood in urine in females can have different causes to blood in urine in males. It can sometimes be difficult for women to know exactly where the blood is coming from. The blood from a menstrual cycle or from another cause from the vagina can lead to blood in the urine.
A urine infection UTI is the most common cause of blood in your urine, especially in women. A urine infection causes inflammation of your bladder cystitis. The most common symptoms are pain passing urine and passing urine more often than normal. You may also have pain in your lower tummy and a high temperature fever. UTI blood in urine can occur in your urine as a result of this inflammation occurring in your bladder.
Urinary tract infections are usually very effectively treated with a short course of antibiotics. Further tests may be necessary if you have:. Kidney infections also known as pyelonephritis usually occur as a complication of a bladder infection.
Symptoms of kidney infections are usually more severe than with a urinary tract infection. Often there is a very high temperature fever and pain in the side of your tummy abdomen or over the side of your back.
Kidney infections are treated with a longer course of antibiotics. If the infection is more severe then the antibiotics may need to be given straight into the vein in hospital. See the separate leaflet called Kidney Infection Pyelonephritis for more details. This is inflammation of the tube your urethra draining urine out of your body. Urethritis is often caused by a sexually transmitted infection which is easily treated with antibiotics. Bleeding into your urinary tract can occur when a stone is being passed, as the stone rubs against the inside of your urethra.
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